This blog post was published under the 2010 to 2015 Conservative and Liberal Democrat coalition government

Avatar photo

Paul Johnston

Ambassador to Ireland

Part of UK in Sweden

29th May 2013

Syria: Arms and aims

Britain and Sweden don’t differ on much. We did this week on whether to lift the EU arms embargo on the legitimate opposition in Syria.

We argued for the lift for political, security and humanitarian reasons. Our priority is a political transition that ends the conflict, allows refugees to return home, and prevents further radicalisation in Syria and the region.

We will therefore do all we can to ensure the forthcoming Geneva II conference delivers that outcome.

The decision to end the arms embargo supports those efforts to bring about political progress and a diplomatic solution by sending a message to the Assad regime.  The EU will no longer be witnesses to slaughter, with a heavily armed government smashing civilians.

We have made no decision to send arms to the National Coalition. We are of course engaged in prudent planning. Our focus is on Geneva II. But we now have the flexibility to respond in the future if talks fail and the situation continues to deteriorate.

Meanwhile the UK will continue working with the National Coalition, the legitimate opposition, to build its credibility and effectiveness.

The Coalition has committed to represent the diversity of Syria through its membership. It is time for the Coalition to deliver on that promise.

We will push the Coalition to settle its internal politics quickly and transparently in order to focus on the bigger issues: its political strategy, its game-plan for Geneva II and establishing a functioning authority inside Syria.

We will continue to provide practical, non-lethal support to the moderate opposition.  The UK has already provided over £12 million in such support to the Syrian opposition, civil society and human rights defenders.  This money has also enabled the National Coalition to develop structures that will allow it to function more effectively on the ground in Syria.

We agree with Sweden that a political solution is the only durable answer. That is the focus now.

About Paul Johnston

Paul Johnston joined the UK Civil Service in 1990, working for the Ministry of Defence initially. He has served in Paris and New York and has also had a wide…

Paul Johnston joined the UK Civil Service in 1990, working for the Ministry of Defence initially.

He has served in Paris and New York and has also had a wide range of political and security roles in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London. Paul joined the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in 1993 as Desk Officer for Bosnia. As part of this role he was also Private Secretary to EU negotiator Lord Owen and his representative on Bosnia Contact Group.

His first foreign posting was to Paris in 1995-99 as Second Secretary Political. He was Private Secretary to the Ambassador and latterly part of the UK delegation to the Kosovo Rambouillet negotiations. Then he returned to London as Head of the Kosovo Policy Team, leading work on post-conflict policy in the EU, NATO, UN and G8.

Before his second overseas posting to New York in 2005, Paul held a variety of other EU policy and security appointments in London, such as Head of European Defence Section between 2000-01 and Head of Security Policy Department between 2002-04.

As Head of the Political Section in UKMIS New York, he advised on major policy issues for the UK on the Security Council and the UN World Summit, including the UK EU Presidency in 2005.

Paul returned to London in 2008 as Director, International Security for the FCO. He was responsible for policy on UN, NATO, European Security, arms control and disarmament, human rights and good governance.

Paul was British Ambassador to Sweden from August 2011 to August 2015 and then was Deputy Permanent Representative to NATO.

He was UK Ambassador to the EU for Political and Security affairs from 2017 to January 2020 and became Ambassador to Ireland in September 2020.